NetSarang v5.0 Malicious Backdoor Supply Chain Compromise

NetSarang Xmanager Enterprise 5.0 Build 1232, Xmanager 5.0 Build 1045, Xshell 5.0 Build 1322, Xftp 5.0 Build 1218, and Xlpd 5.0 Build 1220 contain a malicious nssock2.dll that implements a multi-stage, DNS-based backdoor. The dormant library contacts a C2 DNS server via a specially crafted TXT record for a month‑generated domain. After receiving a decryption key, it then downloads and executes arbitrary code, creates an encrypted virtual file system (VFS) in the registry, and grants the attacker full remote code execution, data exfiltration, and persistence. NetSarang released builds for each product line that remediated the compromise: Xmanager Enterprise Build 1236, Xmanager Build 1049, Xshell Build 1326, Xftp Build 1222, and Xlpd Build 1224. Kaspersky Lab identified an instance of exploitation in the wild in August 2017.

DBLTek GoIP Telnet Admin Interface Undocumented Backdoor

DBLTek GoIP devices (models GoIP 1, 4, 8, 16, and 32) contain an undocumented vendor backdoor in the Telnet administrative interface that allows remote authentication as an undocumented user via a proprietary challenge–response scheme which is fundamentally flawed. Because the challenge response can be computed from the challenge itself, a remote attacker can authenticate without knowledge of a secret and obtain a root shell on the device. This can lead to persistent remote code execution, full device compromise, and arbitrary control of the device and any managed services. The firmware used within these devices was updated in December 2016 to make this vulnerability more complex to exploit. However, it is unknown if DBLTek has taken steps to fully mitigate.

Valve Source SDK Stack-Based Buffer Overflow RCE

Valve's Source SDK (source-sdk-2013)'s ragdoll model parsing logic contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability.The tokenizer function `nexttoken` copies characters from an input string into a fixed-size stack buffer without performing bounds checks. When `ParseKeyValue` processes a collisionpair rule longer than the destination buffer (256 bytes), an overflow of the stack buffer `szToken` can occur and overwrite the function return address. A remote attacker can trigger the vulnerable code by supplying a specially crafted ragdoll model which causes the oversized collisionpair rule to be parsed, resulting in remote code execution on affected clients or servers. Valve has addressed this issue in many of their Source games, but independently-developed games must manually apply patch.

FLIR Thermal Camera F/FC/PT/D firmware version 8.0.0.64 Hard-Coded SSH Credentials Vulnerability

FLIR Thermal Camera F/FC/PT/D firmware version 8.0.0.64 contains hard-coded SSH credentials that cannot be changed through normal camera operations. Attackers can leverage these persistent, unmodifiable credentials to gain unauthorized remote access to the thermal camera system.

FLIR Thermal Camera PT-Series firmware version 8.0.0.64 Unauthenticated Remote Command Injection

FLIR Thermal Camera PT-Series firmware version 8.0.0.64 contains multiple unauthenticated remote command injection vulnerabilities in the controllerFlirSystem.php script. Attackers can execute arbitrary system commands as root by exploiting unsanitized POST parameters in the execFlirSystem() function through shell_exec() calls. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2026-01-06 (UTC).

osCommerce 2.3.4.1 Installer Unauthenticated Configuration File Injection PHP Code Execution

A remote code execution vulnerability exists within osCommerce Online Merchant version 2.3.4.1 due to insecure default configuration and missing authentication in the installer workflow. By default, the /install/ directory remains accessible after installation. An unauthenticated attacker can invoke install_4.php, submit crafted POST data, and inject arbitrary PHP code into the configure.php file. When the application later includes this file, the injected payload is executed, resulting in full server-side compromise.

VestaCP Debian Installer Malicious Backdoor Supply Chain Compromise

VestaCP commit a3f0fa1 (2018-05-31) up to commit ee03eff (2018-06-13) contain embedded malicious code that resulted in a supply-chain compromise. New installations created from the compromised installer since at least May 2018 were subject to installation of Linux/ChachaDDoS, a multi-stage DDoS bot that uses Lua for second- and third-stage components. The compromise leaked administrative credentials (base64-encoded admin password and server domain) to an external URL during installation and/or resulted in the installer dropping and executing a DDoS malware payload under local system privileges. Compromised servers were subsequently observed participating in large-scale DDoS activity. Vesta acknowledged exploitation in the wild in October 2018.

GeoVision Command Injection RCE via /PictureCatch.cgi

GeoVision embedded IP devices, confirmed on GV-BX1500 and GV-MFD1501, contain a remote command injection vulnerability via /PictureCatch.cgi that enables an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the device. The vulnerable models have been declared end-of-life (EOL) by the vendor. VulnCheck has observed this vulnerability being exploited in the wild as of 2025-10-19 08:55:13.141502 UTC.

TVT NVMS-9000 Hard-coded API Credentials & Command Injection

Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC.

SOCA Access Control System 180612 SQL Injection and Authentication Bypass

SOCA Access Control System 180612 contains multiple SQL injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to manipulate database queries through unvalidated POST parameters. Attackers can bypass authentication, retrieve password hashes, and gain administrative access with full system privileges by exploiting injection flaws in Login.php and Card_Edit_GetJson.php.

Synaccess netBooter NP-02x/NP-08x 6.8 Authentication Bypass via webNewAcct.cgi

Synaccess netBooter NP-02x/NP-08x 6.8 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the webNewAcct.cgi script that allows unauthenticated attackers to create admin user accounts. Attackers can exploit the missing control check by sending crafted POST requests to create administrative accounts and gain unauthorized control over power supply management.

FLIR Thermal Traffic Cameras V1.01-0bb5b27 Unauthenticated Websocket Device Manipulation

FLIR thermal traffic cameras contain an unauthenticated device manipulation vulnerability in their WebSocket implementation that allows attackers to bypass authentication and authorization controls. Attackers can directly modify device configurations, access system information, and potentially initiate denial of service by sending crafted WebSocket messages without authentication.

Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in OpenText™ AccuRev allows Authentication Bypass. When installed on a Linux or Solaris system the vulnerability could allow anyone who knows a valid AccuRev username can use the AccuRev client to login and gain access to AccuRev source control without knowing the user’s password. This issue affects AccuRev: 2017.1.

Totolink A7100RU CGI cstecgi.cgi UploadOpenVpnCert os command injection

A vulnerability has been found in Totolink A7100RU 7.4cu.2313_b20191024. This affects the function UploadOpenVpnCert of the file /cgi-bin/cstecgi.cgi of the component CGI Handler. Such manipulation of the argument FileName leads to os command injection. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 Insecure Direct Object Reference

Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 firmware version 1.2.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows attackers to bypass authorization and access resources by manipulating user-supplied input parameters. Attackers can directly reference objects in the system to retrieve sensitive information and access functionalities without proper access controls.

Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 WebDAV Arbitrary File Upload

Telesquare SKT LTE Router SDT-CS3B1 version 1.2.0 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to upload malicious content by exploiting enabled WebDAV HTTP methods. Attackers can use PUT, DELETE, MKCOL, MOVE, COPY, and PROPPATCH methods to upload executable code, delete files, or manipulate server content for remote code execution or denial of service.

FileThingie 2.5.7 Arbitrary File Upload via ft2.php

FileThingie 2.5.7 contains an arbitrary file upload vulnerability that allows attackers to upload malicious files by sending ZIP archives through the ft2.php endpoint. Attackers can upload ZIP files containing PHP shells, use the unzip functionality to extract them into accessible directories, and execute arbitrary commands through the extracted PHP files.

QVR Pro

A missing authentication for critical function vulnerability has been reported to affect QVR Pro. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to gain access to the system. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version: QVR Pro 2.7.4.14 and later

OneUptime: Unauthenticated notification API endpoints - financial abuse via phone number purchase, service disruption, and SMTP credential exposure

OneUptime is an open-source monitoring and observability platform. Prior to version 10.0.42, multiple notification API endpoints are registered without authentication middleware, while sibling endpoints in the same codebase correctly use ClusterKeyAuthorization.isAuthorizedServiceMiddleware. These endpoints are externally reachable via the Nginx proxy at /notification/. Combined with a projectId leak from the public Status Page API, an unauthenticated attacker can purchase phone numbers on the victim's Twilio account and delete all existing alerting numbers. This issue has been patched in version 10.0.42.

OneUptime: Unauthenticated Workflow Execution via ManualAPI

OneUptime is an open-source monitoring and observability platform. Prior to version 10.0.42, the Worker service's ManualAPI exposes workflow execution endpoints (GET /workflow/manual/run/:workflowId and POST /workflow/manual/run/:workflowId) without any authentication middleware. An attacker who can obtain or guess a workflow ID can trigger arbitrary workflow execution with attacker-controlled input data, enabling JavaScript code execution, notification abuse, and data manipulation. This issue has been patched in version 10.0.42.