CVE-2024-47889

Action Mailer has possible ReDoS vulnerability in block_format

Action Mailer is a framework for designing email service layers. Starting in version 3.0.0 and prior to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, and 7.2.1.1, there is a possible ReDoS vulnerability in the block_format helper in Action Mailer. Carefully crafted text can cause the block_format helper to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. All users running an affected release should either upgrade to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, or 7.2.1.1 or apply the relevant patch immediately. As a workaround, users can avoid calling the `block_format` helper or upgrade to Ruby 3.2. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rails applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. Rails 8.0.0.beta1 requires Ruby 3.2 or greater so is unaffected.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.6 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Rubyonrails

Products

Rails

CVE-2024-52798

path-to-regexp Unpatched `path-to-regexp` ReDoS in 0.1.x

path-to-regexp turns path strings into a regular expressions. In certain cases, path-to-regexp will output a regular expression that can be exploited to cause poor performance. The regular expression that is vulnerable to backtracking can be generated in the 0.1.x release of path-to-regexp. Upgrade to 0.1.12. This vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2024-45296.

CVSS 4.0 · 7.7 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Pillarjs Redhat

Products

Path-to-regexp Apache Camel Hawtio Discovery and 5 more

CVE-2024-7779

ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) in danswer-ai/danswer

A vulnerability in danswer-ai/danswer version 1 allows an attacker to perform a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) by manipulating regular expressions. This can significantly slow down the application's response time and potentially render it completely unusable.

CVSS 3.0 · 7.5 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Danswer-ai

Products

Danswer

CVE-2025-25283

parse-duraton vulnerable to Regex Denial of Service that results in event loop delay and out of memory

parse-duraton is software that allows users to convert a human readable duration to milliseconds. Versions prior to 2.1.3 are vulnerable to an event loop delay due to the CPU-bound operation of resolving the provided string, from a 0.5ms and up to ~50ms per one operation, with a varying size from 0.01 MB and up to 4.3 MB respectively, and an out of memory that would crash a running Node.js application due to a string size of roughly 10 MB that utilizes unicode characters. Version 2.1.3 contains a patch.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.5 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-25285

@octokit/endpoint has a Regular Expression in parse that Leads to ReDoS Vulnerability Due to Catastrophic Backtracking

@octokit/endpoint turns REST API endpoints into generic request options. Starting in version 4.1.0 and prior to version 10.1.3, by crafting specific `options` parameters, the `endpoint.parse(options)` call can be triggered, leading to a regular expression denial-of-service (ReDoS) attack. This causes the program to hang and results in high CPU utilization. The issue occurs in the `parse` function within the `parse.ts` file of the npm package `@octokit/endpoint`. Version 10.1.3 contains a patch for the issue.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-25288

@octokit/plugin-paginate-rest has a Regular Expression in iterator that Leads to ReDoS Vulnerability Due to Catastrophic Backtracking

@octokit/plugin-paginate-rest is the Octokit plugin to paginate REST API endpoint responses. For versions starting in 1.0.0 and prior to 11.4.1 of the npm package `@octokit/plugin-paginate-rest`, when calling `octokit.paginate.iterator()`, a specially crafted `octokit` instance—particularly with a malicious `link` parameter in the `headers` section of the `request`—can trigger a ReDoS attack. Version 11.4.1 contains a fix for the issue.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-25289

@octokit/request-error has a Regular Expression in index that Leads to ReDoS Vulnerability Due to Catastrophic Backtracking

@octokit/request-error is an error class for Octokit request errors. Starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to version 6.1.7, a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) vulnerability exists in the processing of HTTP request headers. By sending an authorization header containing an excessively long sequence of spaces followed by a newline and "@", an attacker can exploit inefficient regular expression processing, leading to excessive resource consumption. This can significantly degrade server performance or cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition, impacting availability. Version 6.1.7 contains a fix for the issue.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-25290

@octokit/request has a Regular Expression in fetchWrapper that Leads to ReDoS Vulnerability Due to Catastrophic Backtracking

@octokit/request sends parameterized requests to GitHub’s APIs with sensible defaults in browsers and Node. Starting in version 1.0.0 and prior to versions 9.2.1 and 8.4.1, the regular expression `/<([^>]+)>; rel="deprecation"/` used to match the `link` header in HTTP responses is vulnerable to a ReDoS (Regular Expression Denial of Service) attack. This vulnerability arises due to the unbounded nature of the regex's matching behavior, which can lead to catastrophic backtracking when processing specially crafted input. An attacker could exploit this flaw by sending a malicious `link` header, resulting in excessive CPU usage and potentially causing the server to become unresponsive, impacting service availability. Versions 9.2.1 and 8.4.1 fix the issue.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-2811

GL.iNet GL-A1300 Slate Plus API redos

A vulnerability was found in GL.iNet GL-A1300 Slate Plus, GL-AR300M16 Shadow, GL-AR300M Shadow, GL-AR750 Creta, GL-AR750S-EXT Slate, GL-AX1800 Flint, GL-AXT1800 Slate AX, GL-B1300 Convexa-B, GL-B3000 Marble, GL-BE3600 Slate 7, GL-E750, GL-E750V2 Mudi, GL-MT300N-V2 Mango, GL-MT1300 Beryl, GL-MT2500 Brume 2, GL-MT3000 Beryl AX, GL-MT6000 Flint 2, GL-SFT1200 Opal, GL-X300B Collie, GL-X750 Spitz, GL-X3000 Spitz AX, GL-XE300 Puli and GL-XE3000 Puli AX 4.x. It has been declared as problematic. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component API. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.9 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-4690

AngularJS 'linky' filter ReDoS

A regular expression used by AngularJS'  linky https://docs.angularjs.org/api/ngSanitize/filter/linky  filter to detect URLs in input text is vulnerable to super-linear runtime due to backtracking. With a large carefully-crafted input, this can cause a Regular expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Regular_expression_Denial_of_Service_-_ReDoS  attack on the application. This issue affects all versions of AngularJS. Note: The AngularJS project is End-of-Life and will not receive any updates to address this issue. For more information see here https://docs.angularjs.org/misc/version-support-status .

CVSS 3.1 · 4.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Angularjs

Products

Angularjs

CVE-2025-55152

oak: ReDoS in x-forwarded-proto and x-forwarded-for headers

oak is a middleware framework for Deno's native HTTP server, Deno Deploy, Node.js 16.5 and later, Cloudflare Workers and Bun. In versions 17.1.5 and below, it's possible to significantly slow down an oak server with specially crafted values of the x-forwarded-proto or x-forwarded-for headers.

CVSS 3.1 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Oakserver

Products

Oak

CVE-2025-6492

MarkText index.js getRecommendTitleFromMarkdownString redos

A vulnerability has been found in MarkText up to 0.17.1 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is the function getRecommendTitleFromMarkdownString of the file marktext/src/main/utils/index.js. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.9 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Marktext

Products

Marktext

CVE-2025-6493

CodeMirror Markdown Mode markdown.js redos

A weakness has been identified in CodeMirror up to 5.65.20. Affected is an unknown function of the file mode/markdown/markdown.js of the component Markdown Mode. This manipulation causes inefficient regular expression complexity. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited. Upgrading to version 6.0 is able to address this issue. You should upgrade the affected component. Not all code samples mentioned in the GitHub issue can be found. The repository mentions, that "CodeMirror 6 exists, and is [...] much more actively maintained."

CVSS 4.0 · 6.9 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Codemirror

Products

Codemirror

CVE-2024-25885

xhtml2pdf: ReDoS via getcolor function in utils.py

An issue in the getcolor function in utils.py of xhtml2pdf v0.2.13 allows attackers to cause a Regular expression Denial of Service (ReDOS) via supplying a crafted string.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.5 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Xhtml2pdf

Products

Xhtml2pdf

CVE-2025-9670

mixmark-io turndown commonmark-rules.js redos

A security flaw has been discovered in mixmark-io turndown up to 7.2.1. This affects an unknown function of the file src/commonmark-rules.js. Performing manipulation results in inefficient regular expression complexity. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited.

CVSS 4.0 · 6.9 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-7579

chinese-poetry server.js redos

A vulnerability was found in chinese-poetry 0.1. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file rank/server.js. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

CVSS 4.0 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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CVE-2025-6998

Calibre Web 0.6.24 & Autocaliweb 0.7.0 - ReDoS

ReDoS in strip_whitespaces() function in cps/string_helper.py in Calibre Web and Autocaliweb allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause denial of service via specially crafted username parameter that triggers catastrophic backtracking during login. This issue affects Calibre Web: 0.6.24 (Nicolette); Autocaliweb: from 0.7.0 before 0.7.1.

CVSS 4.0 · 8.7 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Janeczku

Products

Calibre-web

CVE-2025-69873

ajv: ReDoS via $data reference

ajv (Another JSON Schema Validator) before 8.18.0 is vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) when the $data option is enabled. The pattern keyword accepts runtime data via JSON Pointer syntax ($data reference), which is passed directly to the JavaScript RegExp() constructor without validation. An attacker can inject a malicious regex pattern (e.g., "^(a|a)*$") combined with crafted input to cause catastrophic backtracking. A 31-character payload causes approximately 44 seconds of CPU blocking, with each additional character doubling execution time. This enables complete denial of service with a single HTTP request against any API using ajv with $data: true for dynamic schema validation. This issue is also fixed in version 6.14.0.

CVSS 3.1 · 2.9 Low EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Ajv-validator Ajv.js

Products

Ajv Ajv

CVE-2025-66020

Valibot has a ReDoS vulnerability in `EMOJI_REGEX`

Valibot helps validate data using a schema. In versions from 0.31.0 to 1.1.0, the EMOJI_REGEX used in the emoji action is vulnerable to a Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) attack. A short, maliciously crafted string (e.g., <100 characters) can cause the regex engine to consume excessive CPU time (minutes), leading to a Denial of Service (DoS) for the application. This issue has been patched in version 1.2.0.

CVSS 3.1 · 7.5 High EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

Vendors

Open-circle

Products

Valibot

CVE-2025-5890

actions toolkit glob internal-pattern.ts globEscape redos

A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in actions toolkit 0.5.0. This affects the function globEscape of the file toolkit/packages/glob/src/internal-pattern.ts of the component glob. The manipulation leads to inefficient regular expression complexity. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely.

CVSS 4.0 · 5.3 Medium EPSS < 1% KEV · Not listed

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