CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals

js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.1 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n²) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.2 fixes the issue.

pypdf: Possible long runtimes/large memory usage for encrypted PDF files

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.21.3, pypdf can consume excessive time and memory when an application accesses the page count of a crafted encrypted PDF whose page tree declares a forged /Count value. Even after successful decryption, page-count retrieval trusts the unvalidated declared count instead of walking the page tree, allowing the attacker-controlled value to drive excessive work and memory use. This issue is fixed in version 6.21.3.

pypdf: Possible large memory usage when parsing page tree

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.21.4, pypdf can consume excessive memory while parsing a crafted PDF page tree containing many shared resources. Page-tree flattening copies page dictionary and inherited resource entries without a document-wide entry budget, allowing the crafted resource structure to cause disproportionate allocations. This issue is fixed in version 6.21.4.

Forge: ASN.1 resource exhaustion via BIT STRING decoding in asn1.fromDer

Forge (also called node-forge) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to 1.4.1, the affected implementation used asn1.fromDer(), BIT STRING decoding, maxDepth to process the relevant input or security decision. node-forge decoded ASN.1 stored inside BIT STRING values without consistently applying the configured maxDepth limit and recursively retained copies at each nesting level. Crafted DER containing nested BIT STRINGs could cause excessive recursion, CPU use, and quadratic memory consumption during asn1.fromDer(). This issue is fixed in version 1.4.1.

nipy nibabel Header volumeutils.py array_from_file memory allocation

A security vulnerability has been detected in nipy nibabel up to 5.4.2. The affected element is the function array_from_file of the file nibabel/volumeutils.py of the component Header Handler. The manipulation leads to uncontrolled memory allocation. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The pull request to fix this issue awaits acceptance.

Unauthenticated HTTP Exploit Allows Data Tampering and Denial of Service in Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management

Vulnerability in the Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management product of Oracle Supply Chain (component: Install). The supported version that is affected is 6.2.1. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Agile Engineering Data Management. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.4 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H).

svg-sanitizer 0.11.0 before 1.1.0 Algorithmic Complexity DoS via use Reference Graph

svg-sanitizer from 0.11.0 before 1.1.0 contains an algorithmic complexity denial of service vulnerability in hasInfiniteLoop() and countUse() of the use reference-graph analysis. Attackers can upload a small layered SVG with 15 levels of fanned-out use elements, forcing exponential path enumeration that pins PHP workers for hours.

FreeRDP before 3.32.2 Shadow Server CPU Exhaustion via Zero-Length DVC DATA

FreeRDP before 3.32.2 contains a denial of service vulnerability in the shadow server that allows authenticated RDP clients to spin server threads by sending zero-length drdynvc DATA PDUs. Attackers can send empty DATA messages on opened audin or rdpgfx channels, so that FreeRDP_WTSVirtualChannelRead never consumes them, consuming full CPU cores until disconnect.

An issue in the GraphQL endpoint of traggo server v0.8.3 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request to the GraphQL endpoint

printk: Postpone kthread startup

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: printk: Postpone kthread startup There have been various bug reports related to SMP systems hanging on boot. The reports vary but seem to have some overlap with regard to missed IPI's during SMP setup. The reports also show that reverting NBCON console usage allows the bugs to disappear. The NBCON kthreads for console printing are started very early during boot using early_initcall(). Since these kthreads are asynchronously enabling/disabling interrupts during early boot, they may be interfering with early SMP setup on some hardware platforms. Starting the console printing kthreads later has shown to avoid the hanging on systems that could previously reproduce the issue. Postpone kthread starting until after all arch initcalls have completed.

pypdf: Possible long runtimes when retrieving page labels

pypdf is a free and open-source pure-python PDF library. Prior to 6.21.3, pypdf can take excessive time to retrieve page labels from a crafted PDF containing a flat page-label number tree with many ranges. The page_labels property resolves each page independently and repeatedly scans the same /Nums array from the beginning, causing work to grow with both the page count and the number of label ranges. This issue is fixed in version 6.21.3.

Multiple Vulnerabilities in IBM Concert Software

IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 3.0.0 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to cause a denial of service due to improper enforcement of storage limits.

@fastify/multipart vulnerable to Denial of Service via a malformed upload hanging delayed file consumers

@fastify/multipart is the multipart form-data and file upload plugin for the Fastify web framework. In versions 5.3.0 through 10.1.6, the plugin does not propagate a parser error to the file stream when a request body ends inside a file part with no closing boundary, even though the Content-Length is complete, the client does not abort, and no file size limit is exceeded. The plugin destroys the in-progress file stream without an error, so a handler that iterates the request parts and performs asynchronous work before consuming the file attaches to a stream that never emits an error or end event, and the request never responds while the connection stays open. An unauthenticated remote client can repeat these malformed uploads against such a route to accumulate pending connections and exhaust server resources, so the impact is availability only and exploitation depends on the application using a delayed file consumer. The issue is fixed in @fastify/multipart 10.1.7, where the parser error is propagated to the file stream so a delayed consumer settles with an error instead of hanging, and users should upgrade to 10.1.7 or later. There is no workaround other than upgrading.

a2ui-project a2ui Binder generic-binder.ts resource consumption

A vulnerability has been found in a2ui-project a2ui up to 0.10.6. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file renderers/web_core/src/v0_9/rendering/generic-binder.ts of the component Binder. The manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of the patch is c97f4a02d3fea33ce3e9de5cf3fd0e3b8f3a4f0e. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.

a2ui-project a2ui data-context Resolver data-context.ts resource consumption

A security vulnerability has been detected in a2ui-project a2ui up to 0.10.6. This impacts an unknown function of the file renderers/web_core/src/v0_9/rendering/data-context.ts of the component data-context Resolver. Such manipulation leads to resource consumption. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The name of the patch is eb314e14fabd29cfb4a74e1202afc4fe2081efa2. Applying a patch is advised to resolve this issue.

Out‑of‑Memory Vulnerability in Bitcoin Core Leading to Denial of Service

Bitcoin Core prior to 29.5, 30.4, 31.2 and 32.1 is vulnerable to an OOM issue.

python: DoS when processing malformed Apple Property List files in binary format

read_ints in plistlib.py in Python through 3.9.1 is vulnerable to a potential DoS attack via CPU and RAM exhaustion when processing malformed Apple Property List files in binary format.

Resource Exhaustion in MICE Service

A denial-of-service vulnerability has been identified in the Miracast over Infrastructure Connection Establishment (MICE) service. An unauthenticated attacker with network access to the MICE service could consume available connection capacity, preventing legitimate users from establishing MICE-based Miracast connections while the condition persists. Miracast P2P is not affected. MICE is disabled in the default configuration and must be explicitly enabled by the customer. On most devices, Miracast P2P is available independently of MICE, but a complete disruption of Miracast can occur on some devices when WLAN is configured for Infrastructure mode.

a2ui-project a2ui Parser expression_parser.ts formatString resource consumption

A vulnerability was determined in a2ui-project a2ui up to 0.10.6. This vulnerability affects the function formatString of the file renderers/web_core/src/v0_9/basic_catalog/expressions/expression_parser.ts of the component Parser. This manipulation causes resource consumption. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Patch name: 1f71d1aac1b145ef57c7526f9e0cff316f5934e2. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.

a2ui-project a2ui data-model.ts DataModel.set resource consumption

A flaw has been found in a2ui-project a2ui up to 0.10.6. Affected by this vulnerability is the function DataModel.set of the file renderers/web_core/src/v0_9/state/data-model.ts. Executing a manipulation can lead to resource consumption. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 82789191ce551f4d7a095d273773fb24bd764c9d. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.